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Dutch · January 5, 2017

Hi Bower,
If this is a strain of P. Syringae, its typical mode of spreading is by its lash-like appendage, flagellum. Therefore they are usually spread by contact, plant to plant or animal to plant. They can hitch a ride on many things and have even been found in hail stones. This bacterial infection could have come from anywhere.
If this is the mutant “ice-minus” bacteria strain of P. Syringae, it lacks the ability to produce a certain surface protein, usually found on wild-type P. Syringae. The "ice-plus" protein (INA protein, "Ice nucleation-active" protein) found on the outer bacterial cell wall acts as the nucleating centers for ice crystals. This facilitates ice formation, hence the designation "ice-plus". The “ice-minus” variant of P. Syringae is a mutant, lacking the gene responsible for ice-nucleating surface protein production. This lack of surface protein provides a less favorable environment for ice formation. Frost damage occurs at a temperature lower than 32f/0c in a plant infected with the “ice-minus” bacteria strain of P. Syringae. Both strains of P. Syringae occur naturally. An “ice-minus” variant of P. Syringae was also produced through genetic engineering (removal of a gene) and was known as Frostban.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice-minus_bacteria
Dutch

January 5, 2017	#15
Dutch Tomatovillian™ Join Date: Jan 2011 Location: S.E. Wisconsin Zone 5b Posts: 1,831	Hi Bower, If this is a strain of P. Syringae, its typical mode of spreading is by its lash-like appendage, flagellum. Therefore they are usually spread by contact, plant to plant or animal to plant. They can hitch a ride on many things and have even been found in hail stones. This bacterial infection could have come from anywhere. If this is the mutant “ice-minus” bacteria strain of P. Syringae, it lacks the ability to produce a certain surface protein, usually found on wild-type P. Syringae. The "ice-plus" protein (INA protein, "Ice nucleation-active" protein) found on the outer bacterial cell wall acts as the nucleating centers for ice crystals. This facilitates ice formation, hence the designation "ice-plus". The “ice-minus” variant of P. Syringae is a mutant, lacking the gene responsible for ice-nucleating surface protein production. This lack of surface protein provides a less favorable environment for ice formation. Frost damage occurs at a temperature lower than 32f/0c in a plant infected with the “ice-minus” bacteria strain of P. Syringae. Both strains of P. Syringae occur naturally. An “ice-minus” variant of P. Syringae was also produced through genetic engineering (removal of a gene) and was known as Frostban. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice-minus_bacteria Dutch __________________ "Discretion is the better part of valor" Charles Churchill The intuitive mind is a gift, and the rational mind is a faithful servant. But we have created a society that honors the servant and has forgotten the gift. (paraphrased) Albert Einstein I come from a long line of sod busters, spanning back several centuries. Last edited by Dutch; January 5, 2017 at 06:59 PM.